19 terms were found starting with the letter d.
- De Minimis Rule
- A rule in the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture under which a country’s aggregate measure of support (AMS) includes a specific commodity only if support for that commodity exceeds 5% of its domestic value of production. General support (not tied to specific commodities) is included in the AMS only if it exceeds 5% of the value of total domestic agricultural output.
- Deadweight Loss
- The monetary value of the loss in economic efficiency due to a government policy (for example, a tax, subsidy, quota, price floor, or price ceiling) that causes market prices, supply or demand to differ from their free market equilibrium values.
- Death Rate
- The number of deaths in a given year per 1,000 population.
- Debt for Nature Swap
- An agreement between an organization, typically a nongovernmental organization (NGO), and a developing country that has forest resources. The organization pays off a portion of the country’s external debt in exchange for the country’s promise to preserve some forested region.
- Debt-Service Ratio
- The payment of capital plus interest charges necessary to pay off a loan over an agreed-upon period of time.
- Decreasing Returns to Scale
- A situation in which a 1% increase in all inputs into production leads to less than a 1% increase in output.
- Decreasing Returns to Size
- A situation in which an increase in output leads to an increase in the average total cost of production.
- Deficiency Payment
- An output subsidy in which the subsidy per unit of output of a commodity is the difference between a government-set price and the market price. Under a deficiency payment program, producers always receive the government-set price regardless of the market price.
- Demand Curve
- A diagrammatic representation of the relationship between the demand for a good and its price, usually with price on the vertical axis and quantity demanded on the horizontal axis.
- Demographic Transition
- The historical process of first moving from high birth rates and high death rates to high birth rates and low death rates, and then finally to low birth rates and low death rates.
- Dependency Burden
- The proportion of the total population aged 0 to 15 and 65+, age groups that typically contribute relatively little to the production of goods and services.
- Depreciation
- The loss of capital that occurs when machinery, equipment, and other capital goods are used up, wear out, break down, or are rendered obsolete by the introduction of new and improved capital goods.
- Desertification
- The progressive destruction or degradation of existing vegetative cover that leads to the formation of a desert. This can occur due to overgrazing, deforestation, drought, or the burning of extensive areas.
- Developed Country
- Another name for a high-income country, that is, a country with a relatively high level of per capita income.
- Developing Country
- Another name for a low-income country or middle-income country, that is, a country with a relatively low or middle level of per capita income.
- Development Assistance
- International transfers through loans or outright grants, either directly from one country to another or indirectly from one country to another via a multilateral assistance agency like the World Bank.
- Dryland Farming
- The production of crops in arid and semiarid regions without using irrigation.
- Dumping
- Selling a good in another country at a price below which the same good is sold in the home market or selling a good below the cost of production and distribution.
- Duty
- A tax imposed on imports by a country.